Tuesday, January 21, 2020
William Faulkners A Rose For Emily Essay -- essays research papers
Rather than stating the true meaning of his works, William Faulkner generally uses symbolism to portray the depth of his tales. Throughout the story ââ¬Å"A Rose For Emily,â⬠time is a continuous theme that is portrayed through symbols. The past, present, and future are represented by different people, places, and things. One of which such symbols, the main character herself, represents the essence of the past through her father, her house, and her lover. à à à à à Historically, the Grierson name was one of the most respected names in Jefferson. Throughout his lifetime, Mr. Grierson played various roles in the community to further the reputation of his name and to earn his family a great deal of honor.à à à à à He also, however, had and air of superiority about him. His attitude toward women, as evident in the treatment of his daughter, reflects his old-fashioned ways and his inability, or his lack of desire, to move on into the future. Throughout Miss Emilyââ¬â¢s childhood, her father believed that ââ¬Å"none of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily.â⬠Mr. Grierson did not allow his grown daughter, even at the age of thirty, to make her own decisions. Moreover, he did not feel it was her place to act on her own behalf. Miss Emily willingly accepted her role in the household. The name and the attitudes that Mr. Grierson passed on to his daughter Emily symbolically opposed the change that was going on around them. à à à  ...
Monday, January 13, 2020
Jun Assignment Mpa for 2012-13
IGNOU M. A in Public Administration Solved Assignment Dec 2012 Presented by http://www. IGNOU4Ublog. com TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT (TMA) Course Code: MPA-011 Assignment Code: Asst/TMA/2012-2013 Marks: 100 This assignment consists of Sections I & II. There are five questions in each section. You have to answer a total of five questions in about 400 words each. It is necessary to attempt at least two questions from each section. Each question carries 20 marks. Section-1 consists of questions from Units 1 to 10 and Section-II consists of questions from Units 11 to 21. Section ââ¬â I . Examine the views of F. W Riggs on Society-Administration relationship. Solution: Coming soonâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â 2. ââ¬ËStateââ¬â¢s role needs to be examined in the context of its Liberal and Marxist perspectivesââ¬â¢. Discuss. Solution: The liberal conception of the state is of a limited organization that represents popular will. The state plays a minimal role in the directing of society and economic affairs, but can play a significant supporting role in modern liberal (social liberal) theories.Classical Liberals favor a minimal state that only provides for basic services such as defense, enforcing contracts and protecting property rights. Social liberals accept more roles for the state, primarily in the economic sphere, such as regulation of capitalism in order to protect consumers and workers, welfare programs to help the poor and disadvantaged in society and public services that benefit everyone. To liberals, the state plays a supporting role in society, and is usually left to operate in the political and social spheres.Marxists conceive of the state as an institution of capitalism that can be transformed to benefit the working class, as the state is the only institution that is capable of organizing and managing the economy on a large scale. The state would be radicalized in that the workers and people would control it through direct democracy or council democracy. The state becomes an integral part of the economy in that it owns the means of production in the phase of socialism.Marxists see the state as becoming unnecessary when the productive forces develop and authority on the state level is no longer required, leading to the disappearance of the state and social class. This society is called communism, where the means of production is owned communally but operated and managed by cooperatives. Socialism is an economic system whereby either the state or worker cooperatives own and control the means of production, strategic resources and major industry.The principle of socialism is to organize the economy in a rational manner that avoids the pitfalls of capitalism and the free market through plan ned or state directed economic systems. Socialism can also utilize the market mechanism to distribute goods and services in the form of market socialism, while the state or public retains ownership of major economic institutions. The revenue generated by the state economy would be used to finance government programs, potentially eliminating the need for taxation.A private sector for non-heavy industry can exist in a socialist system, but the state, public or cooperative sector would play the dominant role in the economy. To socialists, the state is a part of the economy and the state plays a dominant role in structuring economic and political affairs. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â 3. Explain the Neo-liberal Perspective of State. Solution: Neoliberalism is a co ntemporary political movement advocating economic liberalizations, free trade and open markets. Neoliberalism supports the privatization of nationalized industries, eregulation, and enhancing the role of the private sector in modern society. It is commonly informed by neoclassical or Austrian economics. The term neoliberal today is often used as a general condemnation of economic liberalization policies and advocates. Neoliberalism shares many concepts with mainstream schools of economic thought. The term ââ¬Å"neoliberalismâ⬠was coined in 1938 by the German scholar Alexander Rustow at the Colloque Walter Lippmann. The colloquium defined the concept of neoliberalism as ââ¬Å"the priority of the price mechanism, the free enterprise, the system of competition and a strong and impartial state. To be ââ¬Å"neoliberalâ⬠meant that ââ¬Å"laissez-faireâ⬠liberalism is not enough and that ââ¬â in the name of liberalism ââ¬â a modern economic policy is required. A fter the colloquium ââ¬Å"neoliberalismâ⬠became a label for several academical approaches such as the Freiburg school, the Austrian School or the Chicago school of economics. During the military rule under Augusto Pinochet in Chile opposition scholars took up the expression again without a specific reference to any theoretical revision of liberalism.Rather, it described a set of political and economic reforms being implemented in Chile and imbued the term with pejorative connotations. In the last two decades, according to the Boas and Gans-Morse study of 148 journal articles, neoliberalism is almost never defined but used in several senses to describe ideology, economic theory, development theory, or economic reform policy. It has largely become a term of condemnation employed by critics of liberalizing economic tendencies. And it now suggests a ââ¬Å"market fundamentalismâ⬠closer to the ââ¬Å"paleoliberalsâ⬠as opposed to the primary meaning.This leaves some con troversy as to the precise meaning of the term and its usefulness as a descriptor in the social sciences, especially as the number of different kinds of market economies have proliferated in recent years ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â 4. ââ¬ËThe nature of social participation is ever changingââ¬â¢.Elucidate Solution: Whether we live in the crowded bustle of an inner city or in a quieter, less populated rural area, most of us are part of the community in which we live. Social participation refers to people's social involvement and interaction with others. Activities such as volunteering, making donations, participating in sports, and recreational activities are all forms of social participation. While Canadians may differ in why, how, and how much they ge t involved, most would agree that social participation improves their own and the community's well-being[1].Measures of social participation include participation in political activities and participation in social activities. Measures of factors that influence social participation include social networks, sense of belonging, and level of trust. Highlights 54. 6% of Canadians ââ¬â 58. 3% of men and 51. 7% of women ââ¬â reported being involved in at least one political activity in 2002. Involvement in at least one social activity group, such as professional associations, or cultural, educational, and hobby organizations, was reported by 61% of Canadians in 2003. In 2003, the great majority of Canadians (93. %) reported having some close friends or family members. However, 6. 3% of Canadians reported having no close friend or family member. In 2003, the vast majority of Canadians had a ââ¬Å"somewhat or very strongâ⬠sense of belonging to Canada (88%), to their province (81%), and to their community (70%). A little more than half of Canadians (56%) in 2003 believed that others could be trusted. The level of trust was highest among individuals aged 45 to 64 years old (59%) compared with other age categories. Footnotes There is no agreement on how to best define ââ¬Ëcommunity. For example, and the 2003 General Social Survey on Social Engagement (Statistics Canada, cat. no. 89-598-XIE) leaves the definition open. Generally, the term ââ¬Ëcommunity' refers to the people and institutions that are in proximity to our place of residence. However, it can also include a more global sense of community, where charitable donations to an international charity can benefit people of other countries. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â 5. Ans wer the following questions in 200 words each: ) Concept of ââ¬ËHind Swarajââ¬â¢ Solution:The concept of swaraj, or self-rule, was developed during the Indian freedom struggle. In his book Hind Swaraj (1909), Gandhi sought to clarify that the meaning behind swaraj was much more than simply ââ¬Å"wanting [systems of] English rule without the Englishman; the tiger's nature but not the tiger. â⬠The crux of his argument centered on the belief that the socio-spiritual underpinnings of British political, economic, bureaucratic, legal, military, and educational institutions were inherently unjust, exploitative and alienating.As Pinto explicates, ââ¬Å"The principal theme of Hind Swaraj is the moral inadequacy of western civilization, especially its industrialism, as the model for free India. â⬠Gandhi was particularly critical of the deeply embedded principles of ââ¬Ëmight is right' and ââ¬Ësurvival of the fittest'. On another level, the call for swaraj represents a genuine attempt to regain control of the ââ¬Ëself' ââ¬â our self-respect, self-responsibility, and capacities for self-realization ââ¬â from institutions of dehumanization.As Gandhi states, ââ¬Å"It is swaraj when we learn to rule ourselves. â⬠The real goal of the freedom struggle was not only to secure political azadi (independence) from Britain, but rather to gain true swaraj (liberation and self-rule). Gandhi wanted all those who believed in swaraj: (1) to reject and wholly uproot the British raj (rule) from within themselves and their communities; and, (2) to regenerate new reference points, systems, and structures that enable individual and collective self-development.This regeneration was to grow from the strengths, perspectives, wisdom and experiences of people living in village India, rather than from cities in Britain, America, and even in India for that matter. Understanding the real ââ¬ËSelf', and its relation to communities and society, is critical to the project of attaining swaraj. How is this relevant for us today? We feel that South Asia (along with the rest of the world) is experiencing a tremendous crisis, one overwhelming in its scale and pace of growth.While it is easy to get caught up in the symptoms of this crisis (the brutal violence, the enormous inequities, the extinction of cultures and languages, the degradation of the environment), it is equally, if not more, important to understand its roots. We must creatively analyze the content and the consequences of our current economic, political, social, and educational systems, without reverting to a romanticized past of so-called untouched or pristine traditions.From these critical reflections, we must generate new spaces, systems, and processes ââ¬â based on moral and holistic visions of human potential and human progress ââ¬â which can lead us out of the global self-destruction which engulfs us. Throughout it all, we must consider and negotiate our own role s, while asking ourselves how we are either working for solutions or contributing to making the crisis worse. Thus, today, we recognize Gandhi's concept of swaraj integral to three parallel action-reflection agendas for the 21st century: ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â ) Citizenââ¬â¢s Charter Solution: Citizenââ¬â¢s Charter is a document which represents a systematic effort to focus on the commitment of the Organization towards its Citizens in respects of Standard of Services, Information, Choice and Consultation, Non-discrimination and Accessibility, Grievance Redressal, courtesy and value for money. This also includes expectations of the Organization from the Citizen for fulfilling the commitment of the Organization.The Citizen's Charter was a British p olitical initiative launched by the then Prime Minister, John Major, on 22 July 1991, less than a year into his premiership. [1] It aimed to improve public services in the UK by: Making administration accountable and citizen friendly. Ensuring transparency and the right to information. Taking measures to cleanse and motivate civil service. Adopting a stakeholder approach. Saving time of both executant and the clientele One part of the initiative was the granting of ââ¬Å"Charter Marksâ⬠to those public bodies meeting defined standards. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- Section ââ¬â II 6. Examine the role of Bureaucracy in policy monitoring and analysis. Solution: Bureaucrats put government policy into practice, and therefore the federal bureaucracy has a large impact on policymaking. In order to get their policies passed, the president and Congress must work with the bureaucracy. Controlling the bureaucracy can be difficult for the following reasons:Size: The president cannot monitor everyone or even every group within the bureaucracy, so much of what bureaucrats do goes unmonitored. Expertise of bureaucrats: The people who administer policy often know much more about those issues than the president or members of Congress. This expertise gives the bureaucrats power. Civil service laws: Firing bureaucrats, even for incompetence, is very difficult. Clientele groups: Many federal agencies provide services to thousands of people, and those people sometimes rally to defend the agency.Policy implementation: When Congress creates a new program, it does not establish all the details on how the policy will be implemented. Instead, Congress passes enabling legislation, which grants power to an agency to work out the specifics. Although the agency must stay within some bounds, it has a great deal of latitude in determining how to carry out the wishes of Congress. Power of Persuasion Presidential scholar Richard Neustadt has argued that the presidentââ¬â¢s primary power is that of persuasion.The president must lobby or persuade bureaucrats. But trying to convince members of the bureaucracy that their goals fit with the presidentââ¬â¢s goals is a time-consuming and often frustrating process. For this reason, many presidents have seen the bureaucracy as an obstacle to getting their agendas approved. Rule-making The federal bureaucracy makes rules that affect how programs operate, and these rules must be obeyed, just as if they were laws. The rule-making process for government agencies occurs in stages.After Congress passes new regulatory laws, the agency charged with implementing the law proposes a series of rules, which are published in the Federal Register. Interested parties can comment on the rules, either at public he arings or by submitting documents to the agency. After the agency publishes the final regulations, it must wait sixty days before enforcing those rules. During that time, Congress can review and change the rules if it desires. If Congress makes no changes, the rules go into effect at the end of sixty days. Federal regulations affect many groups of people, who have often challenged those regulations in court.Because litigation is a slow and expensive way to change regulations, Congress passed the Negotiated Rulemaking Act of 1990 to limit the need for litigation by opening the rulemaking process to those affected by it. The act encouraged federal agencies to engage in negotiated rule-making. If an agency agrees to the proposed regulations, for example, it publishes the proposals in the Federal Register and then participates in a negotiating committee overseen by a third party. Agreements reached by the committee are then open to the normal public review process.Parties to negotiated rule-making agree not to sue over the rules. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â 7. Write a note on the nature and characteristics of good governance. Solution: Good governance has 8 major characteristics. It is participatory, consensus oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient, equitable and inclusive and follows the rule of law. It assures that corruption is minimized, the views of minorities are taken into account and that the voices of the most vulnerable in society are heard in decision-making.It is also responsive to the present and future needs of society. Participation Participation by both men and women is a key cornerstone of good governance. Participation could be either direct or through legitimate intermediate institutions or representatives. It is important to point out that representative democracy does not necessarily mean that the concerns of the most vulnerable in society would be taken into consideration in decision making. Participation needs to be informed and organized. This means freedom of association and expression on the one hand and an organized civil society on the other hand.Rule of law Good governance requires fair legal frameworks that are enforced impartially. It also requires full protection of human rights, particularly those of minorities. Impartial enforcement of laws requires an independent judiciary and an impartial and incorruptible police force. Transparency Transparency means that decisions taken and their enforcement are done in a manner that follows rules and regulations. It also means that information is freely available and directly accessible to those who will be affected by such decisions and their enforcement.It also means that enough information is provided and that it is provided in easily understandable forms and media. Responsiveness Good governance requires that institutions and processes try to serve all stakeholders within a reasonable timeframe. Consensus oriented There are several actors and as many view points in a given society. Good governance requires mediation of the different interests in society to reach a broad consensus in society on what is in the best interest of the whole community and how this can be achieved.It also requires a broad and long-term perspective on what is needed for sustainable human development and how to achieve the goals of such development. This can only result from an understanding of the historical, cultural and social contexts of a given society or community. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â ââ¬â 8. Explain the meaning of Ethics, underlying its ââ¬Ëfociââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëlociââ¬â¢. Solution: Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, is a branch of philosophy that involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior.Major areas of study in ethics may be divided into 3 operational areas: Meta-ethics came to the fore with G. E. Moore's Principia Ethica from 1903. In it he first wrote about what he called the naturalistic fallacy. Moore was seen to reject naturalism in ethics, in his Open Question Argument. This made thinkers look again at second order questions about ethics. Earlier, the Scottish philosopher David Hume had put forward a similar view on the difference between facts and values.Studies of how we know in ethics divide into cognitivism and non-cognitivism; this is similar to the contrast between descriptivists and non-descriptivists. Non-cognitivism is the claim that when we judge something as right or wrong, this is neither true nor false. We may for example be only expressing our emotional feelings about these things. [2] Cognitivism can then be seen as the claim that when we talk about right and wrong, we are talking about matters of fact. Normative ethics Traditionally, normative ethics (also known as moral theory) was the study of what makes actions right and wrong.These theories offered an overarching moral principle one could appeal to in resolving difficult moral decisions. At the turn of the 20th century, moral theories became more complex and are no longer concerned solely with rightness and wrongness, but are interested in many different kinds of moral status. During the middle of the century, the study of normative ethics declined as meta-ethics grew in prominence. This focus on meta-ethics was in part caused by an intense linguistic focus in analytic philosophy and by the popularity of logical positivism.Virtue ethics Virtue ethics describes the character of a moral agent as a dr iving force for ethical behavior, and is used to describe the ethics of Socrates, Aristotle, and other early Greek philosophers. Socrates (469 BC ââ¬â 399 BC) was one of the first Greek philosophers to encourage both scholars and the common citizen to turn their attention from the outside world to the condition of humankind. In this view, knowledge having a bearing on human life was placed highest, all other knowledge being secondary.Self-knowledge was considered necessary for success and inherently an essential good. A self-aware person will act completely within his capabilities to his pinnacle, while an ignorant person will flounder and encounter difficulty. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â 9. ââ¬ËThe solution to governance challenges lies in civil soci ety movementsââ¬â¢. Discuss. Solution: Until recently, the study of development process until recently has centered largely on the triangle of states-markets-international institutions.For the last decade, mainstream development discourse has adopted the notion of ââ¬Ëcivil society' as simultaneously the site of ââ¬Ëcitizens' collective action' as well as a set of actors to be incorporated in the planning, implementation and evaluation of development projects. This notion of ââ¬Ëcivil society' has tended to focus exclusively on NGOs. This course provides a more political understanding of ââ¬Ëcivil society' by examining social movements in relation to civil society and to the development project itself. It begins by current theories of ââ¬Ëcivil society' and ââ¬Ënew social movements'.It then assesses the impact of nationalist and socialist movements on shaping the development agenda of nineteenth-century European and late-colonial states, and how social movements from the 1950s-1980s interacted with national governments in blocking, changing or advancing the development agendas of states (e. g. , Gandhian movements in India, the housing rights movements in urban Latin America, and the movements against minority rule in Southern Africa). The course focuses on contexts (e. g. democratisation, globalisation, etc. ), sectors (e. g. environment, agriculture), spaces (e. g. ural, urban) and agents (e. g. women). Subsequently, the course addresses the issue of ââ¬Ëglobal civil society': issues of ââ¬Ëglobalisation' and transnational networks of solidarity created in response to it, for example, the movements against ââ¬Ësweatshop labour', the Zapatista movement in Mexico, and movements against transnational companies and institutions of global governance (WTO, World Bank, IMF etc. ). ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬ââ⬠âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â 10. Answer the following questions in 200 words each: a) Concept of New Public ManagementSolution: New public management (NPM) denotes broadly the government policies, since the 1980s, that aimed to modernise and render more effective the public sector. The basic hypothesis holds that market oriented management of the public sector will lead to greater cost-efficiency for governments, without having negative side-effects on other objectives and considerationsSome modern authors define NPM as a combination of splitting large bureaucracies into smaller, more fragmented ones, competition between different public agencies, and between public agencies and private firms and incentivization on more economic lines. 2] Defined in this way, NPM has been a significant driver in public management policy around the world, from the early 1980s to at least the early 2000s. NPM, compared to other pub lic management theories, is oriented towards outcomes and efficiency, through better management of public budget. [3] It is considered to be achieved by applying competition, as it is known in the private sector, to organizations in the public sector, emphasizing economic and leadership principles.New public management addresses beneficiaries of public services much like customers, and conversely citizens as shareholders. In 2007, the European Commission produced a white book on governance issues whose objective was to propose a new kind of ââ¬Å"relationship between the state and the citizens,â⬠reform governance, improve public management and render decision-making ââ¬Å"more flexibleSome authors say NPM has peaked and is now in decline ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âà ¢â¬âââ¬â ) Business Process Engineering Solution: Business process re-engineering is a business management strategy, originally pioneered in the early 1990s, focusing on the analysis and design of workflows and processes within an organization. BPR aimed to help organizations fundamentally rethink how they do their work in order to dramatically improve customer service, cut operational costs, and become world-class competitors. 1] In the mid-1990s, as many as 60% of the Fortune 500 companies claimed to either have initiated reengineering efforts, or to have plans to do so. BPR seeks to help companies radically restructure their organizations by focusing on the ground-up design of their business processes. According to Davenport (1990) a business process is a set of logically related tasks performed to achieve a defined business outcome. Re-engineering emphasized a holistic focus on business objectives and how processes related to them, encouraging full-scale recreation of pr ocesses rather than iterative optimization of subprocesses.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
How to Measure Volume and Density
Archimedes needed to determine if a goldsmith had embezzled gold during the manufacture of the royal crown for King Hiero I of Syracuse. How would you find out if a crown was made of gold or a cheaper alloy? How would you know if the crown was a base metal with a golden exterior? Gold is a very heavy metal (even heavier than lead, though lead has a higher atomic weight), so one way to test the crown would be to determine its density (mass per unit volume). Archimedes could use scales to find the mass of the crown, but how would he find the volume? Melting the crown down to cast it into a cube or sphere would make for an easy calculation and an angry king. After pondering the problem, it occurred to Archimedes that he could calculate volume based on how much water the crown displaced. Technically, he didnt even need to weigh the crown, if he had access to the royal treasury since he could just compare the displacement of water by the crown with the displacement of water by an equal volume of the gold the smith was given to use. According to the story, once Archimedes hit upon the solution to his problem, he burst outside, naked, and ran through the streets yelling, Eureka! Eureka! Some of this might be fiction, but Archimedes idea to calculate the volume of an object and its densityà if you know the objects weight was fact. For a small object, in the lab, the easiest way to do this is to partly fill a graduated cylinder large enough to contain the object with water (or some liquid in which the object wont dissolve). Record the volume of water. Add the object, being careful to eliminate air bubbles. Record the new volume. The volume of the object is the initial volume in the cylinder subtracted from the final volume. If you have the objects mass, its density is the mass divided by its volume. How to Do It at Home Most people dont keep graduated cylinders in their homes. The closest thing to it would be a liquid measuring cup, which will accomplish the same task, but with a lot less accuracy. There is another way to calculate volume using Archimedes displacement method. Partially fill a box or cylindrical container with liquid.Mark the initial liquid level on the outside of the container with a marker.Add the object.Mark the new liquid level.Measure the distance between the original and final liquid levels. If the container was rectangular or square, the volume of the object is the inside width of the container multiplied by the inside length of the container (both numbers are the same in a cube), multiplied by the distance the liquid was displaced (length x width x height volume). For a cylinder, measure the diameter of the circle inside the container. The radius of the cylinder is 1/2 the diameter. The volume of your object is pi (Ãâ¬, ~3.14) multiplied by the square of the radius multiplied by the difference in liquid levels (Ãâ¬r2h).
Friday, December 27, 2019
Internal Control Of Nigerian Banking Sector - 1323 Words
DISCUSSION This section of this chapter aims to interpret the findings and critically evaluate the study. This research indicates that internal control can prevent and detect fraud in Nigerian banking sectors. The first section of the findings contains the first objectives of this research which is to find out the employee knowledge based on the concept of fraud in banking sector. Therefore, According Biegelman, Martin T, (2013) said The penchant for extortion happens when three basic components meet up; intention, opportunity, and rationalization each of these components is fundamental and interrelated all together for a man to commit fraud and the nonappearance of any of them would not permit a man to commit fraud. Opportunity is the driving variable. Without circumstance, fraud plan can t succeed. Similarly, if a person s honesty is affected by pressure and justification, and opportunity presents itself, unless the individual has the ability to confer the extortion, the plan won t succeed (D ennis M. Lormel 2011). However, from the researchersââ¬â¢ findings having asked the staff at the bank there what they think fraud is, 50% of the respondent defined fraud as an illegal act of acquiring wealth, Aderibigbe (1999) and Onibudo (2007) also contributed to fraud immensely, these authors mentioned that one of the causes of fraud is because of inadequate compensation no increase in salary or fringe benefit given to staff, poverty and infidelity of employees fraud is bound toShow MoreRelatedImpact of Computer in Banking System in Nigeria2674 Words à |à 11 Pagesin banking industries (Cache) (Images) (Similar) http://www.scribd.com/doc/14194263/the-impact-of-computer-services-in-banking-industries- The research has critically examined then influence of computer on modern banking system in Nigeria. The finding of this research has show that computer has ... The Role of Computer in Enhancing Banking (Cache) (Images) (Similar) http://www.scribd.com/doc/27530168/The-Role-of-Computer-in-Enhancing-Banking However the use of computer in banking sector canRead MoreProblems, Solutions and Prospects for the Development and Progress of the Banking Industry in Nigeria1209 Words à |à 5 PagesUSENI YUSUF ONWUDE MBF/ADMIN/0483/2009-2010 [pic][pic]INTRODUCTION SOLUDO.C (2004: 4) The Nigerian banking system has undergone remarkable changes over the years, in terms of the number of institutions, ownership structure, as well as depth and breadth of operations. These changes have been influenced largely by challenges posed by deregulation of the financial sector, globalization of operations, technological innovations and adoption of supervisory and prudential requirementsRead MoreEssay On Corporate Governance1029 Words à |à 5 PagesThis was adhered to by a comparable code by the Central Bank of Nigeria in 2000 (CBN, 2006) to deal with corporate governance practices in Nigerian financial institutions. Nevertheless, lessons from the corporate collapses and also losses in the last couple of years with respect relative to banks like Intercontinental Bank Plc, Bank PHB Plc, Societe General Bank, Afri-Bank Plc as well as Oceanic Bank Plc have actually highlighted the function, corporate governance techniques could play in ke epingRead MoreImpact of Mergers, Acquisitions and Internal Growth on Organisations3189 Words à |à 13 PagesIn this report I will be examining Mergers and Acquisitions, Internal Growth and the impact they have on organisations. The impact of mergers and acquisitions on organizations has seen a change in the way mergers were conducted in prior years before legislators put a stop on some companies that were merging due to change in the economy, technology and for a change in management of the firm. The reasons organsations are acquiring other companies are for dubious or sensible reasons that can be beneficialRead MoreAdoption of Information and Communication Technology (Ict) in the Banking Sector: Success or Failure?5916 Words à |à 24 PagesADOPTION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN THE BANKING SECTOR: SUCCESS OR FAILURE? Ukeh, Moses Ichongo Superlife Consulting, Makurdi 2013 Abstract Nigerian banking industry has become highly ICT-based and is reaping the benefits of technological revolution as evidenced by its application in most of its operations. The objective of this paper was to determine if the Nigerian banks have failed or succeeded in the adoption and use of ICT (see table 2.1). An evaluation ofRead MoreBusiness Model For Information Security Essay1681 Words à |à 7 Pagessecurity. In the creation of this culture the following are instituted: alignment of information security with business objectives where security controls used must be practical and provide real and measurable risk reduction; risk based approach where the information security managers understand the institution and are able to select appropriate controls to mitigate potential threats and risks effectively; balance among organization, people, process and technology where there is organizational supportRead MorePest Analysis of Nigeria Essay3452 Words à |à 14 PagesAnalysis of the Ni gerian Business Environment SWOT Analysis of the Nigerian Business Environment Customer Inserts His/her Name University Name SWOT Analysis of the Nigerian Business Environment 1 Contents Business Environment of Nigeria â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...4 SWOT Analysis â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..5 Conclusion â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦16 References â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦17 SWOT Analysis of the Nigerian Business Environment 2 SWOT Analysis of Nigerian Business EnvironmentRead MoreFraud as a Negative Catalyst in the Nigerian Banking Industry5170 Words à |à 21 PagesEmerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences (JETEMS) 2(5):357-363 (ISSN:2141-7024) Fraud as a Negative Catalyst in the Nigerian Banking Industry Akindele R.I Department of Management and accounting Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria ___________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Fraud in the Nigerian Banking Industry before the recent merger and acquisition and recapitalisation efforts was at alarming rate. It has caused many banks to collapseRead MoreThe Section Discuss Of The Internationalisation Process5005 Words à |à 21 Pagesa pioneer and one of the largest ICT firms in Nigerian (b) Delta is one of the few Nigerian firms with subsidiary in East Africa (c) Delta is the most capitalised ICT firms in Sub-Saharan Africa (c) the firm has subsidiaries in 3 countries and operations in several countries across Africa (d) the firm is an example of how a business business can envolve from been a local firms to internationalise (e) Delta is in a emerging sector of the Nigerian econony as could create a base for extending internationalisationRead MoreTraining and Development: Nigerian Banking Industry8775 Words à |à 35 PagesTraining And Development: Nigerian Banking Industry Contents List of Figures 4 Abstract 5 Chapter 1- Introduction 6 Research Objectives 6 Structure of the work 6 Chapter 2: Literature Review 8 Theories of Training and Development 8 Definition of Training and Development 10 Usage of Training in Different Organizations And Different Sectors 10 Frameworks and Models for Training 11 Training Need Analysis 12 Training Design Model 13 Training Implementation 14 Evaluation
Thursday, December 19, 2019
Industrial And Bio Energy Needs - 798 Words
I. Introduction The worldââ¬â¢s population is projected to grow to 9 billion from existing 7 billion by the year 2050. To accommodate the dietary needs of the population, the worldââ¬â¢s food production must be increased by about 70% to close that gap. [1] The agricultural sector will face the following significant challenges to achieve this production capacity: While the amount of arable land cannot increase without creating further ecological imbalance, it competes with urbanization, industrial and bio-energy needs. Unreliable weather and changing climate conditions is causing temperature fluctuations, affects availability of fresh water for irrigation (through rainfall, ground water or other waterbodies) and reduced soil fertility. Poorly managed supply chain accounts for a loss of about 1/3rd of the worldââ¬â¢s food production. In addition, there is a labor shift away from agriculture in favor for higher paying jobs in urban areas. [2] The green revolution beginning in the 20th century was characterized by mechanization of agriculture (e.g. tractors, combine harvesters and reapers), genetic engineering of plants and animals and improved fertilizer use. Information will be central in the new wave of agricultural revolution to achieve food security. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) will support agriculture by helping us manage our limited natural and artificial resources (soil, land, water and fertilizer); exchange and dissemination of information to benefit farmersShow MoreRelatedBiofuels : Are They The Future?1567 Words à |à 7 PagesBiofuels: Are they the Future? Bio-fuels are also known as agro fuels. They are a renewable source of energy made from animal and vegetable material and a large portion of municipal solid and industrial waste. Bio-fuels are major sources of fuel from biomass. Biomass is any organic material stored in the tissues of living plants and animals. Plants generate their energy from the solar power using the chlorophyll in the leaves to create tissue from water in the ground and carbon dioxide in the airRead MoreThe Biomass Energy Conversion Technologies1342 Words à |à 6 Pages 4.3 Biomass Energy Conversion Technologies Biomass materials can be converted to various useful forms of energy such as heat, electricity and liquid fuels. The technologies used to convert biomass into energy ranged widely from the simple combustion of biomass used for cooking and heating in developing countries to a variety of technologies to generate modern energy carriers - electricity, gas, and liquid bio-fuels. Canada is using various materials including waste and residuals to generate electricityRead MoreThe Energy Consumption Of Carbon Dioxide812 Words à |à 4 PagesFossil resources support about 86% of our energy and 96% of our organic chemicals needs and are responsible for about three quarters of the anthropogenic emission of carbon dioxide [1][2][3]. Moreover, with the world economy expanding unprecedentedly and industrialization happening all over the planet, the enormous demand for fuels is potentially overwhelming. Fuel prices increased by 462% and reached $3.89/gallon between January 2003 and July 2008, and h as been growing steadily except for timesRead MoreEnvironmental Security Essay1283 Words à |à 6 Pagesfor the small farmer in a future of industrial agriculture. Although the environmental changes facing the United States show numerous benefits, Europe is not as fortunate. Projections using similar data to the USDAs hardiness zone maps show most of central and south Europe losing up to 30% of its agricultural production by 2080. Global climate shifts have largely been attributed to a buildup of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere; caused by humans post Industrial Revolution. Three quarters of allRead MoreThe Application of Biotechnological Tools1775 Words à |à 7 Pagesprepare. The nature has its own way to reveal the components and their impact on human life so nurturing these tools is another rather complicated task of replicating the nature and combining the existing phenomenon. But yet the scientists and the bio technologist have so far been successfully benumb the world by shrinking the waste by ninety five percent in the making of Vitamin B2, similarly the elimination of cervical cancer by seventy eight percent is another remarkable creativity of biotechnologyRead MoreDirect Combustion Of Biomass For Heat Generation1244 Words à |à 5 PagesDirect combustion is the most common way of converting biomass to energy - both heat and electricity- and worldwide it already provides over 90% of the energy generated from biomass. Direct combustion of solid biomass fuel is well understood, relatively straightforward, commercially available, and can be reg arded as a proven technology. Biomass combustion systems can be easily integrated with existing infrastructure. Direct combustion of biomass for heat generation is widely used in cold climateRead MoreBio Gas Plant1316 Words à |à 6 PagesENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT BIOGAS PLANT AND ITS BENEFITS Presented by:Mihir Shah (A-26) Mithun Pardesi(A-28) Muzammil Deshmukh (A-29) Neha Naik (A-30) Pawan Panjwani (A-34) INTRODUCTION â⬠¢ Biogas is an important renewable energy resource for rural areas in India. â⬠¢ It is produced by anaerobic digestion of biological wastes. â⬠¢ It is an environment friendly, clean, cheap and versatile fuel. â⬠¢ Biogas generally comprise of 55-65 % methane, 35-45 % carbon dioxide, 0.5-1.0 % hydrogen sulfide andRead MoreRenewable Energy Sources And The Global Warming1503 Words à |à 7 PagesRenewable energy sources Letââ¬â¢s ask ourselves that when the erosion able elements of the earth is not achievable anymore and the glob is getting warmer day by day, what we are going to do to satisfy our requirements, and wants? How we can reduce global warming, decrease the negative impacts of greenhouse gas emission? What are some other natural origins by which we can continue our lives without hurting other existences in the earth? All these problems can be solved if we use renewable energy sourcesRead MoreLeading on from the National Biotechnology Policy in Malaysia947 Words à |à 4 PagesBiotechnology Policy was launched in 2005; its nine thrusts include 1. Agricultural: Enhance the value creation of the agricultural sector, 2. Healthcare: Commercializing the discoveries of the agricultural sector, 3. Industrial: Increase opportunities for bioprocessing and bio-manufacturing, 4. Research and Development: Establish Centres of Biotechnology Excellence, through research and development, 5. Human Capital Development: Build the nationââ¬â¢s human capital through education, training andRead MoreThes First Oil Refinery1333 Words à |à 6 PagesPetrobras was created in October of 1953 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil, after years of a campaigning around Brazil due to foreign currency spent on petroleum and oil product imports. It has since become an integrated energy company engaged in exploration and production, refining, commercialization, transportation, distribution of oil products, natural gas, biofuels and electricity. It is the largest company in the Southern Hemisphere by market capitalization and the largest in Latin America measured by
Wednesday, December 11, 2019
Classicism And Romanticism In Sleepy Hallow Essay Example For Students
Classicism And Romanticism In Sleepy Hallow Essay Shannon Divine English B block Mrs.. Bernard In the movie The Legend of Sleepy Hollow there are many examples of Classicism and Romanticism. Romanticism meaner imagination over reason, common man important, nature and beauty. Classicism is the opposite of that, it is reason over faith h, fixed laws of humanity and the idea that society and more important than the undivided In the movie many characters and places both have characteristics of both Classicism and Romanticism. In the beginning of the movie Cohabit Crane, one of the main characters, is a PRI example of classicism. Crane is a person who believes in science and facts. When he first entered Sleepy Hollow to investigate the killings, he didnt believe the ghost store SE about the so called headless horseman. He believed there was a reason for everything. He said that the heads of the victims could not have Just disappeared by magic, that the heads have to be somewhere and someone obviously took them. Cranes mother also had a big part in showing classicism in the movie. She was not allowed to be free. She believed in witchcraft but Cranes father wouldnt allow it. He didnt believe in it and had a stop to it immediately. The movie also showed classicism by showing how overcrowded the Jails were. This showed how important society was and that society was more important than the individual. Classicism was shown great lay in the beginning of the film. Romanticism was shown greatly in the town of Sleepy Hollow. All of the townspeople believed in the story of the headless horsemen which is an example of romanticism. The headless horsemen shows examples of mystery and strangeness which is what romanticism is. The witch in the cave also was an example of romanticism. It showed invigilation over reason and nature and beauty. The witch, like the headless horses was a spirit from another world. The tree of the dead that the headless horsemen iris up from also shows romanticism. The tree has no reason unlike classicism which is filled with reason. Cohabit Crane also changes his views by the ending of the book. H alkalizes that the headless horseman is a spirit and not everything can be proven by science. He came to the conclusion that magic and the supernatural is real. He change De a lot throughout the movie. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow shows that you can have both Classicism and Romanticism together in one movie. It also showed how people can change there believes like Crane did. Classicism was shown more in the beginning of the movie whereas Romanticism was shown at the end of the movie. Romanticism and Classicism m differ greatly but in this movie they contrasted each other.
Wednesday, December 4, 2019
Shakespeares Othello Essays - Othello, Iago, Michael Cassio, Emilia
Shakespeare's Othello I am not what I am. What is Iago?, as distinct from what he pretends to be, and what are his motives? In Shakespeare's, Othello, the reader is presented the classic battle between the deceitful forces of evil and the innocence of good. It is these forces of evil that ultimately lead to the breakdown of Othello, a noble Venetian moor, well-known by the people of Venice as a honorable soldier and a worthy leader. Othello's breakdown results in the murder of his wife Desdemona. Desdemona is a representative of the good in nature. Good can be defined as forgiving, honest, innocent and unsuspecting. The evil contained within Othello is by no means magical or mythical yet is represented by the character Iago. Iago is cunning, untrustworthy, selfish, and plotting. He uses these traits to his advantage by slowly planning his own triumph while watching the demise of others. It is this that is Iago's motivation: The ultimate defeat of good by the wrath of evil. Not only is it in his own nature of evil that he succeeds but also in the weaknesses of the other characters. Iago uses the weaknesses of Othello, specifically jealousy and his devotion to things as they seem, to conquer his opposite in Desdemona. From the start of the play, Iago's scheming ability is shown when he convinces Roderigo to tell about Othello and Desdemonda's elopement to Desdemona's father, Brabantio. Confidentially Iago continues his plot successfully, making fools of others while being rewarded. Besides Roderigo, no one is aware of Iago's strategy. This is because Iago pretends to be an honest man loyal to his superiors. The fact that Othello himself views Iago as trustworthy and honest gives the evil within Iago a perfect unsuspecting victim for his schemes. The opportunity to get to Desdemona through Othello is one temptation that Iago cannot refuse. He creates the impression that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio in order to stir the jealousy within Othello. It is this jealousy and the ignorance of Othello that lead to the downfall of Desdemona; the one truly good- natured character in the play. As the play opens the hostility of Iago against Othello is immediately introduced. Iago has been appointed the position of servant to Othello instead of the more prestigous position of lieutenant. Michael Cassio has been appointed this position. Iago feels betrayed because he considers him self more qualified than Cassio to serve as lieutenant. Iago then foreshadows his plans for Othello to Roderigo, O, sir, content you. / I follow him to serve my turn upon him (Act I, Scene I). Iago already realizes that Othello thinks about him as an honest man. Iago uses Roderigo as an apprentice and someone to do his dirty work. Roderigo is naively unsuspecting. As the play shifts from Venice to Cyprus there is an interesting contrast. Venice, a respectful and honorable town is overshadowed by the war torn villages of Cyprus. It could be said that Venice represents good or specifically Desdemona and that Cyprus represents evil in Iago. Desdemona has been taken from her peacefulness and brought onto the grounds of evil. Iago commits his largest acts of deceit in Cyprus, fittingly considering the atmosphere. Ironically, the Venetians feel the Turks are their only enemy while in fact Iago is in hindsight the one man who destroys their stable state. Act II Scene III shows Iago's willing ability to manipulate characters in the play. Iago convinces Montano to inform Othello of Cassio's weakness for alchohol hoping this would rouse dissatisfaction by Othello. Iago, when forced to tell the truth against another character, does so very suspiciously. He pretends not to offend Cassio when telling Othello of the fight Cassio was involved in, but Iago secretly wants the worst to become of Cassio's situation without seeming responsible. Cassio is relieved of his duty as lieutenant. With Cassio no longer in the position of lieutenant, this gives Iago the opportunity to more effectively interact with and manipulate Othello. By controlling Othello, Iago would essentially control Desdemona. To reach Desdemona directly is unforeseeable for Iago considering that Othello is superior to him. It is for this reason that Iago decides to exploit Othello. If
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